A support vector-based interval type-2 fuzzy system

In this paper, a new fuzzy regression model that is supported by support vector regression is presented. Type-2 fuzzy systems are able to tackle applications that have significant uncertainty. However general type-2 fuzzy systems are more complex than type-1 fuzzy systems. Support vector machines are similar to fuzzy systems in that they can also model systems that are non-linear in nature. In the proposed model the consequent parameters of type-2 fuzzy rules are learnt using support vector regression and an efficient closed-form type reduction strategy is used to simplify the computations. Support vector regression improved the generalisation performance of the fuzzy rule-based system in which the fuzzy rules were a set of interpretable IF-THEN rules. The performance of the proposed model was demonstrated by conducting case studies for the non-linear system approximation and prediction of chaotic time series. The model yielded promising results and the simulation results are compared to the results published in the area

A support vector-based interval type-2 fuzzy system

In this paper, a new fuzzy regression model that is supported by support vector regression is presented. Type-2 fuzzy systems are able to tackle applications that have significant uncertainty. However general type-2 fuzzy systems are more complex than type-1 fuzzy systems. Support vector machines are similar to fuzzy systems in that they can also model systems that are non-linear in nature. In the proposed model the consequent parameters of type-2 fuzzy rules are learnt using support vector regression and an efficient closed-form type reduction strategy is used to simplify the computations. Support vector regression improved the generalisation performance of the fuzzy rule-based system in which the fuzzy rules were a set of interpretable IF-THEN rules. The performance of the proposed model was demonstrated by conducting case studies for the non-linear system approximation and prediction of chaotic time series. The model yielded promising results and the simulation results are compared to the results published in the area

An improvement of skin aging assessment by non-invasive laser speckle effect: A comparative texture analysis

Skin aging is a complex biological process that is yet to be successfully modelled as it depends on various internal and external factors. This work therefore investigates novel low-cost skin aging assessment technique and equipment by using robust analysis of textural features unified with a laser-speckle imaging method, which is found to be quite capable of detecting multi-layer cellular textural changes exhibited by the biological skin aging process. This study and low-cost product seem to be the first of its kind, which is expected to bring great benefit to both healthcare and cosmetic sectors

Calibration of the CMS hadron calorimeters using proton-proton collision data at √s = 13 TeV

Methods are presented for calibrating the hadron calorimeter system of the CMS detector at the LHC. The hadron calorimeters of the CMS experiment are sampling calorimeters of brass and scintillator, and are in the form of one central detector and two endcaps. These calorimeters cover pseudorapidities |η| < 3 and are positioned inside the solenoidal magnet. An outer calorimeter, outside the magnet coil, covers |η| < 1.26, and a steel and quartz-fiber Cherenkov forward calorimeter extends the coverage to |η| < 5.19. The initial calibration of the calorimeters was based on results from test beams, augmented with the use of radioactive sources and lasers. The calibration was improved substantially using proton-proton collision data collected at √s = 7, 8, and 13 TeV, as well as cosmic ray muon data collected during the periods when the LHC beams were not present. The present calibration is performed using the 13 TeV data collected during 2016 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb⁻¹. The intercalibration of channels exploits the approximate uniformity of energy collection over the azimuthal angle. The absolute energy scale of the central and endcap calorimeters is set using isolated charged hadrons. The energy scale for the electromagnetic portion of the forward calorimeters is set using Z→ ee data. The energy scale of the outer calorimeters has been determined with test beam data and is confirmed through data with high transverse momentum jets. In this paper, we present the details of the calibration methods and accuracy

A search for new physics in central exclusive production using the missing mass technique with the CMS detector and the CMS-TOTEM precision proton spectrometer

A generic search is presented for the associated production of a Z boson or a photon with an additional unspecified massive particle X, pp → pp + Z/γ + X, in proton-tagged events from proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV, recorded in 2017 with the CMS detector and the CMS-TOTEM precision proton spectrometer. The missing mass spectrum is analysed in the 600–1600 GeV range and a fit is performed to search for possible deviations from the background expectation. No significant excess in data with respect to the background predictions has been observed. odelindependent upper limits on the visible production cross section of pp → pp + Z/γ + X are set

Proton reconstruction with the CMS-TOTEM Precision Proton Spectrometer

The Precision Proton Spectrometer (PPS) of the CMS and TOTEM experiments collected 107.7 fb-1 in proton-proton (pp) collisions at the LHC at 13 TeV (Run 2). This paper describes the key features of the PPS alignment and optics calibrations, the proton reconstruction procedure, as well as the detector efficiency and the performance of the PPS simulation. The reconstruction and simulation are validated using a sample of (semi)exclusive dilepton events. The performance of PPS has proven the feasibility of continuously operating a near-beam proton spectrometer at a high luminosity hadron collider

Search for Higgs Boson Decay to a Charm Quark-Antiquark Pair in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s = 13 TeV

A search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying to a charm quark-antiquark pair, H→c¯c, produced in association with a leptonically decaying V (W or Z) boson is presented. The search is performed with proton-proton collisions at √s=13  TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb−1. Novel charm jet identification and analysis methods using machine learning techniques are employed. The analysis is validated by searching for Z→c¯c in VZ events, leading to its first observation at a hadron collider with a significance of 5.7 standard deviations. The observed (expected) upper limit on σ(VH)B(H→c¯c) is 0.94 (0.50+0.22−0.15)pb at 95% confidence level (C.L.), corresponding to 14 (7.6+3.4−2.3) times the standard model prediction. For the Higgs-charm Yukawa coupling modifier, κc, the observed (expected) 95% C.L. interval is 1.1<|κc|<5.5 (|κc|<3.4), the most stringent constraint to date

Search for long-lived particles decaying to a pair of muons in proton-proton collisions at s \sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

An inclusive search for long-lived exotic particles decaying to a pair of muons is presented. The search uses data collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 13 TeV in 2016 and 2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 97.6 fb−1. The experimental signature is a pair of oppositely charged muons originating from a common secondary vertex spatially separated from the pp interaction point by distances ranging from several hundred μm to several meters. The results are interpreted in the frameworks of the hidden Abelian Higgs model, in which the Higgs boson decays to a pair of long-lived dark photons ZD, and of a simplified model, in which long-lived particles are produced in decays of an exotic heavy neutral scalar boson. For the hidden Abelian Higgs model with m(ZD) greater than 20 GeV and less than half the mass of the Higgs boson, they provide the best limits to date on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson to dark photons for cτ(ZD) (varying with m(ZD)) between 0.03 and ≈0.5 mm, and above ≈0.5 m. Our results also yield the best constraints on long-lived particles with masses larger than 10 GeV produced in decays of an exotic scalar boson heavier than the Higgs boson and decaying to a pair of muons

Measurement of the Higgs boson inclusive and differential fiducial production cross sections in the diphoton decay channel with pp collisions at s \sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

The measurements of the inclusive and differential fiducial cross sections of the Higgs boson decaying to a pair of photons are presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collisions data recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{−1}$. The inclusive fiducial cross section is measured to be $σ_{fid}$=73.4$^{+5.4}_{−5.3}$(stat)$^{+2.4}_{−2.2}$(syst) fb, in agreement with the standard model expectation of 75.4 ± 4.1 fb. The measurements are also performed in fiducial regions targeting different production modes and as function of several observables describing the diphoton system, the number of additional jets present in the event, and other kinematic observables. Two double differential measurements are performed. No significant deviations from the standard model expectations are observed